On the 21st local time, the U.S. government announced a series of new visa regulations aimed at facilitating the long-term stay in the United States of foreign students and professionals in the fields of science, technology, engineering and Mathematics (stem). In the view of supporters, the new regulations will not only enhance the strength of American talents, but also help alleviate the domestic labor crisis. Others attacked that it would have an adverse impact on American students and workers < p > it is worth noting that although the official documents of the White House did not mention China, many American media also mentioned the trend of China catching up with the United States in the field of scientific research. Even Biden administration officials admitted that the move was to "keep pace with competitors such as China" < p > Fox News: Biden announced the visa policy to attract foreign stem students < / P > < p > < Wall Street Journal: Biden updated his visa to retain foreign stem students < / P > < p > according to the report of the Wall Street Journal and Fox News on the 21st, the most important change in the new visa regulations is to expand the number of subjects that international students can study, So as to obtain a student visa to work in the United States. In this regard, the U.S. Department of homeland security plans to add 22 new eligible degree fields, including data science and financial analysis; According to the new regulations, stem students will be allowed to work in the United States for three years after graduation, rather than the one-year treatment enjoyed by all international students < p > the second change is related to the J-1 visa (a non immigrant visa issued to all kinds of foreigners who go to the United States to participate in the U.S. government's "Exchange Visitor Program"). In this adjustment, international students holding J-1 visas can work in the United States for up to 36 months, compared with the current requirement of 18 months < p > American media pointed out that the U.S. government's move aims to provide an alternative for researchers who intend to apply for H-1B (technical work visa), because H-1B is the most popular visa type for international students to stay in the United States. However, due to the limited number of visas issued each year, it is always in short supply < p > in the third aspect, the new regulations help special talents in stem field to apply for O-1 visa (non immigrant worker visa). O-1 visa, also known as "outstanding talent visa" or "Einstein visa", not only has no annual quota limit, no maximum working years limit, nor does it need to draw lots, "it is a visa type that is notoriously difficult to apply for" < p > the Biden government has also issued new guidelines to help more stem professionals applying for green cards get green cards faster, which may shorten the application time of several months. In the past, when employers applied for a green card for foreign employment, they needed to prove that these jobs could not be replaced by Americans, and the time was very long < p > The Associated Press described these new regulations of the Biden administration as aimed at ensuring that the United States "becomes a magnet for attracting talents from all over the world" and attracts scientists and researchers who have made breakthroughs and will promote economic growth. Government data show that international students are increasingly becoming the lifeblood of academic research < p > Biden government officials said that these changes are necessary to make it easier for foreign stem graduates to live and work in the United States rather than in other countries with more friendly immigration systems < p > the White House also makes no secret of its hope that these new regulations will bring a large number of scientific and technological talents to the United States - as we have long promised, new talents provide the United States with a global competitive advantage, and we must continue to play a leading role in this regard < p > White House document on visa changes < / P > < p > some higher education and business activists also welcomed the Biden administration's move as a meaningful change to help attract students to the United States or make it easier for them to work in the United States after graduation. In addition, the new deal will also help alleviate the current crisis of labor shortage < p > however, in the eyes of some critics, lowering the threshold for international students to study in the United States will undoubtedly harm the interests of local workers and encourage companies and universities to give priority to foreign students, which will have an impact on local applicants in the United States < p > "it is a great victory for universities that like rich foreign students and companies trying to evade payroll tax, but it is a huge loss for American students." RJ hauman, a member of the American Federation for immigration reform, said < p > the Biden administration's change of visa policy at this time is not unrelated to the decline in the attractiveness of the United States to international students < p > in the past five years, the number of international students enrolled in American colleges and universities has continued to decline. More and more students choose to study in other English speaking countries such as Canada and the United Kingdom, because these countries have lower education costs and easier access to permanent residence. During the Biden administration, COVID-19 severely hit the government's financial resources and led to a sharp deterioration in the backlog of the immigration system. Government data show that the process of almost everything from applying for citizenship, green cards to work permits takes longer than ever before < p > it is worth mentioning that in addition to these persistent problems in domestic policies and systems, a number of American media, including Fox News, the associated press and the Wall Street Journal, also mentioned the Chinese factor. For example, the Wall Street Journal mentioned that these measures are designed to promote innovation in the United States and keep pace with competitors such as China < p > US media quoted a report released by Biden's National Science Board this week that international students holding temporary visas account for more than half of the number of doctoral degrees in economics, computer science, engineering, mathematics and statistics in the United States. However, in the field of science and engineering, the number of doctoral graduates in China in 2018 is close to that in the United States, which is rapidly narrowing the gap with doctoral degrees in the United States < p > even when the White House press briefing did not mention China, the direction of these media reports more or less reflected the anxiety of some people in the United States in the face of China's scientific and technological innovation and talent competition. It is also under the influence of this blind competition mentality that the U.S. government has constantly made shady moves in recent years, trying to pass a series of China related bills to unreasonably suppress China in the fields of science, technology and education, especially in the fields of artificial intelligence, material science and other disciplines to restrict Chinese students < p > in July last year, more than 500 Chinese science and engineering postgraduates were rejected by the United States when applying for visas to the United States. These more than 500 students are graduate students who apply to the United States for a doctorate or master's degree. Most of them study electrical and electronic engineering, computer, machinery and other science and engineering majors. Especially in specialDuring the trump administration, the U.S. Department of Commerce launched the "China Initiative" in 2018. Driven by case handling indicators, U.S. law enforcement agencies vigorously promoted the presumption of guilt, which persecuted and stigmatized many Chinese students, scholars and scientists in the United States < p > in April 2020, Tom cotton, an anti China congressman of the United States, also clamored that Chinese students should be prohibited from studying science and Engineering in the United States, but only liberal arts, such as "learning Shakespeare and the Federalist essays" < p > can such absurd and out of control crackdown bring the United States a competitive advantage over China? The answer is obvious < p > the South China Morning Post, an English media in Hong Kong, once wrote an analysis that the competition between China and the United States is usually described as an all-round competition in science and technology, economy and military, but the most basic is the ability of each country to attract and retain talents and cultivate future labor force. Many analysts worry that the United States will lose its leading position in science and technology by collectively investigating Chinese American scientists and restricting Chinese students from studying in the United States < p > "many students with Chinese nationality in the field of science and technology are expected to become a potential reserve force for American scientific research". According to a study by Georgetown University in the United States, more than 143000 Chinese students studied stem in American universities from 2018 to 2019, of which about 36000 Chinese doctoral students were engaged in cutting-edge technology research. However, with a series of persecutions against Chinese students and scholars, many of them began to rethink the future < p > "taking competition with China as an excuse for the United States to become closed and conservative will only let us lift a stone and hit ourselves in the foot," said Mary Gallagher, director of the China Research Center at the University of Michigan. "If the United States closes its doors to international students, they will only go to other countries, and the ultimate damage will be the United States, not China."