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production NetEase technology section "state temperature" column group (public number: tech_) 163) < / font > < / b > < / P > < p > the best gift for Spring Festival in 2021! < / P > < p > just now, China's "tianwen-1" entered the < a target = "_ blank" href=" https://news.163.com/news/search?keyword=%E7%81%AB%E6%98%9F "> Mars < / a > orbit. On the evening of February 10, China's first Mars exploration mission, tianwen-1, was launched_ blank" href=" https://news.163.com/news/search?keyword=%E6%8E%A2%E6%B5%8B%E5%99%A8 "> after the Mars capture brake was implemented and the engine worked for about 15 minutes, the probe successfully entered a large elliptical annular fire orbit with a height of about 400 km near the fire point, a cycle of about 10 Earth days and an inclination of about 10 degrees, becoming the first man-made Mars in China_ blank" href=" https://news.163.com/news/search?keyword=%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F "> satellite < / a >, the first step to realize the mission's goal of" circling, landing and patrolling ", and successfully launched the Mars orbiting mode. < / P > < p > after a long flight of 202 days, "tianwen-1" has successfully completed the work of taking photos of the earth and the moon, taking "self portraits" of the probe, four midway corrections, deep space maneuver, payload self-test, and near fire braking (commonly known as "braking"), and will land on Mars in May according to the plan. < / P > < p > the successful near fire braking of tianwen-1 laid the foundation for the next landing. Mars, here we are! < / P > < p > < b > why China Mars rover < / b > < b > "< / b > < b > starts first and then drops < / b > < b >" < / b > < b >? < / b > < / P > < p > throughout the human < a target = "_ blank" href=" https://news.163.com/news/search?keyword=%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9 "> in the history of aerospace, it seems that people have always been" in love "with Mars and the moon. There have been more than 40 Mars exploration activities in the world, but only 22 successful and partially successful missions, with a success rate of about 40%. Therefore, Mars has a "spacecraft graveyard" theory. < / P > < p > but Mars is too tempting for humans. In August 2010, eight academicians jointly proposed to the state to carry out a comprehensive demonstration of deep space exploration beyond the moon. Therefore, the State Administration of science, technology and industry for national defense immediately organized experts to carry out development planning and implementation scheme demonstration. < p > < p > Geng Yan, director of the deep space exploration department of the lunar exploration and space engineering center of the National Space Administration of China, once wrote that the first Mars exploration is the starting point and key point of deep space exploration. After three rounds of iteration and deepening, the implementation plan was officially approved and implemented in January 2016. At the launching ceremony of "China space day" in 2020, the appointment of China's first Mars exploration, which attracted much attention, was officially announced as "tianwen-1". < / P > < p > according to the plan, China's first Mars exploration mission is very heavy. The mission consists of orbiter, lander and Rover. The goal is to complete the first three steps of circling, landing and patrolling through one launch mission. On July 23, 2020, China launched the "tianwen-1" Mars probe, which is expected to arrive on Mars in May after three steps of circling, landing and patrolling. < / P > < p > in fact, before and after the launch of China's "tianwen-1" Mars probe, two countries launched Mars probes: on July 20, UAE's "Hope" was launched by a Japanese rocket and successfully inserted into Mars capture orbit on February 10 (00:08); on July 30, USA's "perseverance" was also successfully launched and is expected to arrive in Mars orbit on February 18. < / P > < p > according to media reports, the UAE's "Hope" lasted seven months, spanning 60 million km and flying 493.5 million km. At 23:30 Beijing time on February 9, 2021, it switched on the brake deceleration mode. 38 minutes later, at 00:08 Beijing time on February 10, it successfully inserted into the large elliptical Mars capture orbit. This means that the United Arab Emirates has become the fifth national team to successfully deploy fire detection missions after the Soviet Union, the United States, ESA and India, while China has become the sixth country to reach Mars. < / P > < p > Why did China's "tianwen-1" launch ahead of America's "willpower" but arrive at Mars later than the other side? Why does tianwen-1 need to orbit Mars for nearly three months before it can land on Mars in mid May? < / P > < p > it is understood that the first reason for such differences is that the missions of the "tianwen-1" detector and the "perseverance" detector are different. China's "tianwen-1" needs to complete the three major steps of orbiting Mars, landing on Mars and touring Mars at one time, which means that the Mars probe needs to orbit Mars for a period of time after entering Mars, which takes a certain amount of time. < p > < p > and the mission of willpower is relatively simple, that is, to land on Mars, and then carry out an inspection tour, so it does not need to spend time flying around Mars. < / P > < p > secondly, China is exploring Mars for the first time, and the first launch is about to complete the three difficult operations of "circling and landing Patrol", which need to be careful. Before landing, there may be a lot of new situations, which have not appeared in the previous simulation implementation, and all need to be fully analyzed by technicians. < p > < p > according to ye Peijian, chief scientist of deep space exploration and space science of the Fifth Academy of China Aerospace Science and technology group and academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, China's first Mars exploration mission is actually a "curve overtaking". In an interview with the media, he once said that if China's Mars exploration circle, landing and inspection plan can be completed in one step, this leap forward plan will be the first in the world. < / P > < p > < b > how hard did tianwen-1 work to go to Mars? < / b > < / P > < p > as mentioned above, "tianwen-1" is China's first fire exploration, and it needs to complete many difficult actions for the first time, which means that there are higher challenges and greater risks behind, and there are few international precedents. < / P > < p > how many hurdles does tianwen-1 need to pass in order to go to Mars? < / P > < p > first of all, the rocket that sent the Mars probe into space. < / P > < p > it is understood that "tianwen-1" is carrying the long March-5 rocket, which is the largest carrier rocket in China. Netizens love to call it "fat-5". In 2016, the first flight of Long March 5 carrier rocket was successful. Up to now, it has been launched three times and failed once. < / P > < p > compared with the moon, Mars is more distant from the earth, and the distance between Mars and the earth will change constantly: when the earth and Mars are located on both sides of the sun, the farthest distance is about 400 million kilometers, while when they are located on the same side of the sun, the nearest distance is 54.6 million kilometers (150 times as far as the moon).

“天问一号”探测器奔赴火星，并不是走直线，而是通过火箭的运力将探测器送入椭圆形轨道，在这个过?
2023-03-22 10:04:28