Chasing the light of gravitational wave

At 4:14 on December 10, 2020, China launched the gravitational wave storm high energy electromagnetic correspondence all day monitor (gecam) satellite with the Long March 11 remote nine solid carrier rocket at Xichang Satellite Launch Center. The satellite successfully entered the scheduled orbit and the launch mission was successful. as the first scientific satellite launched by the Space Science Laboratory of Beijing Huairou comprehensive national science center, the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Beijing Municipal People's Government jointly named the satellite "huairou-1". "all weather no dead corner" to monitor the explosion in the universe? what is this? As the name suggests, its mission is to monitor the gravitational wave gamma ray bursts all the time, and look for the light of the gravitational wave. The so-called gravitational wave is actually a kind of material wave generated by the violent movement and change of matter and energy. If the water surface is used to describe space-time, then gravitational waves can be regarded as ripples in space-time. Einstein predicted the existence of gravitational waves a century ago based on general relativity. in order to understand and remember, the researchers nicknamed it "Jimu". The main observation targets of polar eye satellite include the high-energy radiation generated by the merging gravitational waves of double compact stars, gamma storms, magnetostar bursts and rapid radio bursts, which promote the understanding of the formation and evolution of dense celestial bodies such as black holes and neutron stars, as well as the mystery of the merging of double compact stars. At the same time, "polar eye" satellite will also detect solar flare, earth gamma flash and earth electron beam and other solar earth space high-energy radiation phenomena, providing scientific observation data for further study of its physical mechanism. However, these eruptions occur randomly in the universe at any time, and the duration is very short, usually in the order of minutes, seconds and even milliseconds. in order to capture the fleeting light in the universe, researchers have designed a special "polar eye" satellite. Two micro satellites arranged in conjugate orbit constellation move around the earth in 180 degrees phase to ensure that the observation of satellites will not be blocked by the earth, so as to realize the "all-weather and no dead angle" monitoring of the explosion in the universe. these two microsatellites also have "nicknames", which are called "Xiaoji" and "Xiaomu". They are distributed on both sides of the earth, forming a potential of two "poles", just like two "eyes". They will observe the violent explosion of extreme celestial bodies such as black holes and neutron stars, quickly transmit down and issue observation alarms, and guide scientists at home and abroad to make follow-up observations with various telescopes. in the next few years, the satellite with the strongest comprehensive detection capability for explosive events despite the small size of the "polar eye" satellite, it will be the most powerful satellite in the world in the next few years in terms of comprehensive detection ability for gamma storms, magnetostar bursts, rapid radio storms, and earth gamma flashes. "'polar eye 'satellite can continuously and accurately observe the energy spectrum and light variation of homologous gamma ray bursts which occur almost at the same time as gravitational wave storms. At the same time, it can provide high-precision directional information of gravitational wave events, which will play an important role in the discovery and identification of electromagnetic responses of important events such as gravitational waves." Li Xinqiao, chief payload engineer of polar eye satellite system and associate researcher of Institute of high energy physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, said. With the advent of the era of gravitational wave astronomy, gravitational wave detection has led to the upsurge of astronomical observation in recent years. Gravitational waves and associated gamma storms carry abundant physical information and travel through billions of light years to show us and describe the beginning and end of the great physical event of the merging of two dense stars. "By interpreting the information contained in it by means of multi Messenger, multi band observation and data analysis, astronomers can test existing theoretical models and develop new theoretical models. So as to reveal the inherent law of this cosmic high energy process Li Xinqiao said. It is understood that the "polar eye" satellite is specially deployed by the Space Science (phase II) of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The first phase of the strategic leading science and technology project for space science has launched "Wukong", "Mozi", "Huiyan" and "shijian-10" and other scientific satellites. On August 31, 2019, taiji-1, the first technology verification satellite in phase II of the special project, was successfully launched, marking the first fundamental step in China's space gravitational wave detection. In addition to "taiji-1" and "polar eye" satellites, space science satellites such as advanced space-based Solar Observatory (aso-s), Einstein probe (EP) and solar wind magnetosphere interaction panoramic imaging satellite (smile) have been deployed in the second phase of the project. They will be launched in the next three to four years, which are expected to be used in solar eruptions, time-domain astronomy, and solar terrestrial relations Great and original achievements have been made. (reporter Lu Chengkuan)

2023-03-22 10:04:24

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